Refactored code to limit access to other user accounts

api/user_views.py

@@ -10,20 +10,24 @@ def admin_required(user_id):
     if user is None or user.role != "Administrator":
         return jsonify({'error': f'Access denied.'}), 403
 
+def validate_access(owner_id):
+    # Check if user try to access or edit resource that does not belong to them 
+    logged_user_id = int(get_jwt_identity())
+    logged_user_role = User.query.get(logged_user_id).role
+    if logged_user_role != "Administrator" and logged_user_id != owner_id:
+        return jsonify({'error': f'Access denied.'}), 403
+
 @user_bp.route('/users', methods=['GET'])
 @jwt_required()
 def get_all_users():
-    admin_required(get_jwt_identity())
+    admin_required(get_jwt_identity()) # only admin can get all users details
     users = User.query.all()
     return jsonify([user.to_dict() for user in users])
 
 @user_bp.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['GET'])
 @jwt_required()
 def get_user(user_id):
-    logged_user_id = int(get_jwt_identity())
-    logged_user_role = User.query.get(logged_user_id).role
-    if logged_user_role != "Administrator" and logged_user_id != user_id:
-        return jsonify({'error': f'Access denied.'}), 403
+    validate_access(user_id) # check if user tries to read other user account details
     user = User.query.get_or_404(user_id)
     return jsonify(user.to_dict())
 
@@ -33,10 +37,7 @@ def create_user():
     new_user_role = data['role']
     # Only administrator can create admin accounts
     if new_user_role == "Administrator":
-        logged_user_id = int(get_jwt_identity())
-        logged_user_role = User.query.get(logged_user_id).role
-        if logged_user_role != "Administrator":
-            return jsonify({'error': f'You can not create admin users.'}), 403
+        admin_required(get_jwt_identity())
     user = User(username=data['username'], email=data['email'], password=data['password'], role=new_user_role)
     db.session.add(user)
     db.session.commit()
@@ -49,10 +50,7 @@ def edit_user(user_id):
     user_to_update = User.query.get_or_404(user_id)
     request_username = request_data.get('username')
     request_email = request_data.get('email')
-    logged_user_id = int(get_jwt_identity())
-    logged_user_role = User.query.get(logged_user_id).role
-    if logged_user_role != "Administrator" and logged_user_id != user_id:
-        return jsonify({'error': f'You can not edit other user accounts.'}), 403
+    validate_access(user_id) # check if user tries to edit other user account
     if request_username and request_email:
         user_to_update.username = request_username
         user_to_update.email = request_email
@@ -64,11 +62,7 @@ def edit_user(user_id):
 @user_bp.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['DELETE'])
 @jwt_required()
 def remove_user(user_id):
-    logged_user_id = int(get_jwt_identity())
-    logged_user_role = User.query.get(logged_user_id).role
-    # Only admin can remove other users accounts
-    if logged_user_role != "Administrator" and logged_user_id != user_id:
-        return jsonify({'error': f'You can not remove other user accounts.'}), 403
+    validate_access(user_id) # Only admin can remove other users accounts
     user_to_delete = User.query.get_or_404(user_id)
     db.session.delete(user_to_delete)
     db.session.commit()